Smello for HTTP Requests

Roman built Smello, an open-source tool that captures outgoing HTTP requests from your Python code and displays them in a local web dashboard. Learn why he did it and how he uses it to debug API access.

Making Friendly Classes

What’s a friendly class? One that accepts sensible arguments, has a nice string representation, and supports equality checks. Read on to learn how to write them.

Comparing Python Type Checkers: Typing Spec Conformance

Python 3.15’s JIT is now back on track

Avoiding empty strings in non-nullable Django string-based model fields

Django silently converts None values in non-nullable string fields into empty strings, but a simple CheckConstraint can enforce truly required values and prevent empty data from slipping into your database.

Caching an Asyncio Function the Easy Way

Caching an async function is trickier than expected, this article walks through why that is and how to use Asyncio primitives to solve the problem.

Comparing PDF Table Extraction Tools

This article explores three Python tools for PDF table extraction: Docling, Marker, and LlamaParse. Learn which handles merged cells and multi-level headers best.

The Optimization Ladder

Python loses every public benchmark by 21-875x. Cemrehan took the exact problems people use to dunk on Python and climbed every rung of the optimization ladder: from CPython version upgrades to Rust. Real numbers, real code, real effort costs.

Avoiding empty strings in non-nullable Django string-based model fields

Django silently converts None values in non-nullable string fields into empty strings, but a simple CheckConstraint can enforce truly required values and prevent empty data from slipping into your database.

Comparing Python packages for A/B test analysis (with code examples)

Okmain: you have an image but you want a colour

DeepSeek-V3 Model: Theory, Config, and Rotary Positional Embeddings

Making Django unique constraints case-insensitive (with no downtime)

Fix Django’s case-sensitive unique constraint pitfalls by cleaning duplicates, adding Lower() constraints, and safely migrating with PostgreSQL CONCURRENTLY to avoid downtime.

Building a Hypervisor in Python with KVM

Custom Data Structures in E-Graphs

RAG vs GraphRAG: When Agents Hallucinate Answers

Deprecate confusing APIs like “os.path.commonprefix()”

Managing Shared Data Science Code With Git Submodules

Learn how to manage shared code across projects using Git submodules. Prevent version drift, maintain reproducible workflows, and support team collaboration with practical examples.

How the Self-Driving Tech Stack Works

A technical guide to how self-driving cars actually work. CAN bus protocols, neural networks, sensor fusion, and control system with open source implementations, most of which can be accessed through Python.

Unit Testing: Catching Speed Changes

This second post in a series covers how to use unit testing to ensure the performance of your code. This post talks about catching differences in performance after code has changed.